Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
David Bach
Rockville, MD Lawyer with 32 years of experience
Divorce, Education, Estate Planning and Family
Hamline University School of Law
I have 23 years experience representing parties in divorce, custody, child support, visitation, paternity, and guardianship matters. My goal is to plan for trial from the initial client meeting forward, while at the same time attempting to construct a reasonable settlement for my clients either directly with the other party or through mediation. I was certified as a Collaborative Practitioner March 2011. In addition to representing clients locally, Mr. Bach has extensive experience representing clients involved in international family disputes including divorce, child custody, division of property and family assets, as well as retirement benefits. He has successfully handled...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ABlawg SearchSocial MediaResponsive Law
Amy McMullen Harber
Silver Spring, MD Attorney
Free ConsultationConsumer, Criminal Defense, Personal Injury and Traffic Tickets
George Mason University School of Law
Amy Harber has a wealth of experience in both criminal and civil litigation and advocates smartly and effectively for her clients in personal injury, criminal and traffic, and civil matters.
Amy served as an Assistant Commonwealth’s Attorney in the City of Hampton from 2008-2012 and Loudoun County from 2012-2020. In that time, she prosecuted cases ranging in severity from traffic tickets to murder and everything in between. In 2020, Amy joined Allstate Insurance Company’s Fairfax, Virginia legal office as a Senior Attorney and handled litigation involving bodily injury, property damage suits, automobile diminished value claims, wrongful death and infant settlements,...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
John Yanonne
Rockville, MD Attorney with 38 years of experience
Free ConsultationMedical Malpractice, Personal Injury and Products Liability
University of Baltimore School of Law
John Yannone has been representing his clients in personal injury matters for over 25 years, and he knows that sometimes taking a case to court is the only way to get everything that his client deserves. Mr. Yannone has experience handling many different types of personal injury cases including auto accidents, slips and falls, birth injuries, and medical malpractice cases to name a few. He has successfully litigated hundreds of cases on his clients behalf, enabling them to collect millions of dollars since he was first admitted to practice in 1987. Mr. Yannone graduated cum laude from Loyola University before...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Thomas B Stahl
Columbia, MD Lawyer
Divorce, Elder, Estate Planning and Family
University of Baltimore School of Law and University of Aberdeen (Scotland)
Thomas B. Stahl is an accomplished family law and estate planning attorney in Columbia, Maryland. Mr. Stahl is the owner of the Law Offices of Thomas Stahl and represents clients throughout central Maryland and the Washington, D.C., area. He has vast experience with family law cases involving divorce and child support and custody and helping clients with estate administration, probate, trusts and wills.
Mr. Stahl has over a decade of legal experience and is an established family law attorney. Prior to founding his firm, he served as a clerk for a judge on the bench of the Circuit Court for...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Erica A. R. Redmond
Stevensville, MD Attorney with 13 years of experience
Estate Planning, Family and Personal Injury
University of Baltimore School of Law
I did not take the direct route to my current position as an attorney with Frame & Frame, LLC. In fact, I had worked there for three years in the early 2010s before receiving my degree. These experiences made it easier for me to see that this was the perfect job for me. In particular, I’ve always been fulfilled by helping people and as part of team at Frame & Frame, I get a lot of satisfaction helping taking the weight off of people’s shoulders. It’s also very rewarding to be a trusted advisor with Frame...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Michael A. Freedman
Glen Burnie, MD Attorney with 57 years of experience
Free ConsultationMedical Malpractice and Personal Injury
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law and University of Maryland - College Park
Maryland based law firm Michael A. Freedman P.A., was established in 1983. With over thirty years of experience we pride ourselves in providing the Baltimore, Glen Burnie, Owings Mills and entire Maryland community with quality, personal and professional legal representation.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Michael D. Steinhardt
Glen Burnie, MD Lawyer with 50 years of experience
Free ConsultationMedical Malpractice, Personal Injury, Social Security Disability and Workers' Comp
University of Baltimore School of Law and Georgetown University Law Center
Claimed Lawyer Profile
Patricia Ann Cresta-Savage
Glen Burnie, MD Lawyer with 26 years of experience
(240) 260-4100
7678 Quarterfield Road
Suite 203A
Glen Burnie, MD 21061
Free ConsultationBusiness, Civil Rights, Criminal Defense and Employment
NVLS
Over 20 years of experience in criminal defense, white collar crime, employment law, business law and civil rights law. She is THE lawyer that is really on YOUR SIDE! Call her today!
In criminal defense, Pat has been zealously defending those charged with the full range of felonies and misdemeanors in Federal and State Courts in Maryland and the District of Columbia. Charges have included drug charges, white collar crime, manslaughter, murder, robbery, assault, possession of illegal weapons, and more.
If you have been charged with a crime and need an independent, experienced private attorney to represent you...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Mr. Brett Weiss
Greenbelt, MD Attorney with 41 years of experience
Bankruptcy
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
Brett Weiss, a senior partner at The Weiss Law Group, LLC, has been representing people and businesses in all phases of bankruptcy for over 40 years. He has experience in complex individual Chapter 7, Chapter 11 and Chapter 13 bankruptcy cases, and in Chapter 11 small business restructuring and reorganization.
Brett Weiss is the co-author of "Chapter 11 for Individual Debtors," and articles for the American Bankruptcy Institute Journal, the Maryland Bar Journal, and the Bankruptcy Law Network. Mr. Weiss lectures nationally on bankruptcy issues. He has spoken before the National Conference of Bankruptcy Judges, the National...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Eric Stravitz
Lanham, MD Attorney with 32 years of experience
Free ConsultationInsurance Claims, Medical Malpractice, Personal Injury and Products Liability
The George Washington University Law School
Claimed Lawyer ProfileResponsive Law
Daniel J. Guenther
Leonardtown, MD Attorney with 43 years of experience
Free ConsultationBankruptcy, Business, Family and Military
Potomac School of Law, Washington, D.C.
As a practicing Bankruptcy Attorney in Maryland for 34 years, Daniel Guenther has helped hundreds of clients in obtaining debt relief and a fresh start through bankruptcy. He has assisted clients in becoming debt free through Chapter 7 or chapter 13, and has helped homeowners avoid foreclosure and save their home through Chapter 13 as well. He has also successfully represented clients and stopped wage garnishments and attachments of assets through protection under the Federal Bankruptcy Laws. To better serve his clients, he has three offices in Southern Maryland, one in Leonardtown (St. Mary's County), one in Waldorf...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Neveen H. Kurtom
Largo, MD Lawyer with 18 years of experience
Divorce, Domestic Violence, Estate Planning and Family
University of Baltimore School of Law
With 18 years of experience, Ms. Kurtom has assisted hundreds of clients in their family law matters, criminal matters, and estate planning. She is dedicated to her clients and works tirelessly to achieve their desired outcome in their cases. Ms. Kurtom believes each client and each case deserves time, attention, and an understanding of the unique case. She will zealously represent her clients in court during all stages of the litigation process. Ms. Kurtom’s style of practice is adaptable to her client’s needs. Some cases require aggressive litigation while others resolve through mediation and alternative...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Brian Xavier Pendergraft
Greenbelt, MD Attorney with 11 years of experience
Business, Landlord Tenant and Real Estate
Florida Coastal School of Law
The Pendergraft Firm helps real estate investors and businesses with ABCDEF: Agreements, Business entity formation, Closings, Deeds, Evictions, and Foreclosure. For all of your real estate legal needs, it's as simple as ABC, work with me.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Wes Patrick Henderson
Crofton, MD Attorney
Free ConsultationLegal Malpractice, Medical Malpractice and Personal Injury
University of Pittsburgh School of Law
Wes P. Henderson is the founding and managing member of Henderson Law, a boutique litigation law firm located in Crofton, Maryland. Mr. Henderson has over 20 years of legal experience representing clients, and has a past record of obtaining successful results on behalf of his clients. Mr. Henderson works tirelessly to secure favorable results for his clients without having to file a lawsuit, but remains poised to file a lawsuit and proceed to trial, if that course of action is in the best interests of his client. Mr. Henderson is an experienced litigator that brings a unique blend...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
William C. Fanning, Jr.
La Plata, MD Attorney with 34 years of experience
(301) 934-3620
FANNING LAW, LLC
201 Centennial Street, Suite 2-A
La Plata, MD 20646
Business, Divorce, Employment and Family
The Catholic University of America Columbus School of Law
Attorney Bill Fanning has focused on family law in Maryland since 1993. He and the staff of Fanning Law, LLC understand the complexities associated with separation, divorce, custody, visitation, and other family law matters and will successfully help you and your family through these difficult issues. With over 20 years of experience handling family disputes, Bill Fanning has an in-depth understanding of the legal and emotional issues which affect you and your family. Looking to grow your family through adoption? Fanning Law, LLC can ably assist you and your family through the adoption process...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ASocial Media
Evan M. Koslow
Annapolis, MD Attorney with 14 years of experience
(443) 482-5141
420 Chinquapin Round Road
Suite 203
Annapolis, MD 21401
Divorce, Domestic Violence and Family
University of Baltimore School of Law
Evan Koslow is an experienced family law and civil litigation trial attorney who has spent nearly ten years building a career in the legal profession, which includes working in federal and state governments, as well as in the private sector. Before joining an Annapolis family law firm, Evan served as the Judicial Law Clerk for the Honorable Julia B. Weatherly in the Circuit Court for Prince George's County. The clerkship with Judge Weatherly afforded Evan the opportunity to participate directly in the judicial decision-making process and gain firsthand insight into factors and evidence judges find persuasive. Evan received...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Michael H. Bereston
Annapolis, MD Lawyer with 47 years of experience
Free ConsultationMedical Malpractice and Personal Injury
University of Baltimore School of Law
Serving all of Maryland and the District of Columbia, the law firm of Michael H. Bereston, Inc., provides dedicated representation in complex civil litigation with a concentration in birth injury and medical malpractice. As a more than 20 year veteran civil litigator, Mr. Bereston has represented both plaintiffs and defendants. In recent years, Mr. Bereston has devoted his practice exclusively to the representation of injured victims. Mr. Bereston has been in practice for many years with extensive trial experience. He is a graduate of the Johns Hopkins University (B.A.) and the University of Baltimore Law School (J.D.). Mr. Bereston...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
William A. Stavros
Centreville, MD Lawyer with 28 years of experience
Free ConsultationCriminal Defense, DUI & DWI, Juvenile and Personal Injury
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
Admitted to the Maryland Bar in 1996, William A. Stavros has over twenty years of courtroom trial experience and has represented thousands of people in court. He practices in both the State and Federal Courts and is dedicated to protecting the rights and interests of his clients through aggressive and personalized representation. Along with criminal, DUI/DWI and serious traffic matters, Mr. Stavros also accepts personal injury, legal and medical malpractice cases.
William A. Stavros graduated magna cum laude from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in 1989 with a B.A. in Philosophy. After serving as an intern for Judge John N....
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Jason T. Fowler
Prince Frederick, MD Attorney with 10 years of experience
Free ConsultationArbitration & Mediation, Business, Estate Planning and Tax
Georgetown University Law Center and St. Thomas University School of Law
Jason Fowler attended Georgetown University Law Center and St. Thomas University, School of Law for his JD. Jason received a MBA during his time in law school. Upon graduation in 2014, Jason pursued a LLM Degree in Tax at Georgetown University Law Center and later graduated in 2015. Jason was selected to be commencement speaker at his graduation. Jason was admitted to practice in the State of Maryland in 2014. Jason was admitted to practice law in the District of Columbia in 2017. He is a member of the Tax, Estate Planning, and Business Sections of the Maryland Bar Association....
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ABlawg SearchSocial Media
Laura G. Zois
Baltimore, MD Lawyer with 29 years of experience
Free ConsultationMedical Malpractice, Nursing Home, Personal Injury and Products Liability
University of Tennessee College of Law
Mr. Zois is a founding partner of Miller & Zois and one of the most accomplished trial attorneys in Maryland. Her practice focuses on representing victims as lead attorney in catastrophic injury and death cases against negligent corporations and healthcare providers.
Before establishing her own firm, Ms. Zois was a defense attorney for major insurance companies including State Farm and Allstate.
Ms. Zois has tried over 300 tort cases and has a track record in high-stakes malpractice and personal injury claims. She has won numerous multi-million-dollar cases including a $10,000,000 verdict in a complex medical malpractice case and an $8,000,000 verdict...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Linda Thatcher
Greenbelt, MD Attorney with 38 years of experience
Arbitration & Mediation, Business, Civil Rights and Employment
St. Mary's University School of Law
An accomplished employment litigator and mediator, Linda has been consistently named one of "Washington's Top Employment Lawyers" by Washingtonian Magazine since 2007.
Linda has earned accolades from judges, peers, and clients. A grateful client said of her: “Linda’s legal acumen, years of experience, and deep understanding of human nature combine to make her an effective advocate. She is equal parts grit and compassion, a great listener who cuts to the heart of the matter, and she was ALWAYS available to me.” Another client wrote that “Linda is—quite literally—the best in the business. If you’re looking for the very best...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Patrice Meredith Clarke
Pasadena, MD Lawyer with 13 years of experience
Free ConsultationLegal Malpractice, Medical Malpractice, Personal Injury and Products Liability
University of Baltimore
After law school, Patrice served as a judicial law clerk for the Honorable Deborah S. Eyler of the Court of Special Appeals of Maryland.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Sheereen Middleton
Greenbelt, MD Lawyer with 12 years of experience
Free ConsultationBankruptcy and Business
Sheereen E. Middleton, Esq. is from Silver Spring, MD, and moved to Florida to attend the University of Miami in Coral Gables in 2002. While attending UM, Sheereen was a member of the cheerleading squad and cheered for the football team, volleyball team, and basketball team. After graduating from UM, she attended law school at St. Thomas University in Miami Gardens. Sheereen is a licensed Attorney and Realtor® in both Maryland and Florida. Today, she practices Bankruptcy, Real Estate, and Estate Planning. When Sheereen is not in the office, she enjoys spending time at the beach, and being amongst friends...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Monica L. Scherer
Baltimore, MD Lawyer with 27 years of experience
Free ConsultationAppeals, Divorce and Family
University of Baltimore School of Law
AREAS OF CONCENTRATION INCLUDE
• Maryland Divorce and Separation law
• Pre and Postnuptial Agreements
• Separation and Property Settlement Agreements
• Paternity
• Property Division, the Division of Marital Assets, Maintenance and Support
• Alimony – Pendente Lite, Rehabilitative and Indefinite
• Custody and Visitation
• Maryland and Interstate Child Support
• Military Divorces involving Maryland residents
• Ex Parte Protective Order Hearings (temporary and final)
• Interstate Custody Disputes
• Relocation Child Custody Cases
• Maryland Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act
• Appeals to the Court of Special Appeals and Court of Appeals
• Best Interest Attorney appointments in Baltimore County, Howard County and Talbot County
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial MediaResponsive Law
Mitterand Jean-Francois
Baltimore, MD Lawyer
Free ConsultationImmigration
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
Your Formidable Advocate!
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Ryan J. Foran
Greenbelt, MD Attorney with 27 years of experience
Free ConsultationMedical Malpractice, Personal Injury and Workers' Comp
Nova Southeastern University
Ryan J. Foran was born in Maryland. Other than his time spent attending college in Virginia and law school in Florida, he is a lifelong resident of Maryland.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
David Sanford
Baltimore, MD Lawyer with 28 years of experience
Employment
Stanford University
David Sanford is the Chairman and Co-Founder of Sanford Heisler Sharp, LLP, a national law firm with offices in the District of Columbia, New York, California, Tennessee, and Maryland. He received his J.D. from Stanford Law School, M.A. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and B.A. from Vassar College. David has recovered more than one billion dollars for individual clients and the United States government since 2004.
David represents C-suite executives and non-managerial hourly employees throughout the US. He has served as lead counsel in more than 50 class actions and numerous qui tam cases around the country...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Patrick Shane Preller
Baltimore, MD Attorney with 26 years of experience
(410) 539-0042
16 South Frederick Street
3rd Floor
Baltimore, MD 21202
Free ConsultationAnimal, Criminal Defense, DUI & DWI and Personal Injury
University of Baltimore School of Law
Patrick S. Preller is the managing partner of the firm with over twenty years of litigation experience in federal and state courts throughout the region. Mr. Preller is recognized as one of the most able trial lawyers in Maryland, and has enjoyed an extraordinary record of success.  In 1998, Mr. Preller graduated with honors from the University of Baltimore School of Law where he served as an associate editor on Law Review. Following graduation, Mr. Preller clerked for the Honorable Maurice W. Baldwin on the Circuit Court of Maryland for Harford County. He then accepted an appointment as an...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Mark Edelson
Baltimore, MD Lawyer with 15 years of experience
Free ConsultationUniversity of Maryland School of Law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Steven N. Leitess
Baltimore, MD Lawyer with 37 years of experience
Free ConsultationBankruptcy, Business and Products Liability
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
Mr. Leitess’ practice has a national scope, serving clients located around the country in litigation and transactional matters arising in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia. His practice focuses on the areas of substantive law that businesses rely upon daily.
The majority of Mr. Leitess’ daily professional activity relates to business litigation and arbitration, however a substantial amount of his time is dedicated to transactional matters and “outside general counsel” services for day-to-day operations of clients who do not have an in-house legal department.
Mr. Leitess has 25 years of experience as “first chair” attorney in numerous evidentiary and non-evidentiary hearings,...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Andrew Norman
Baltimore, MD Attorney with 46 years of experience
Free ConsultationCivil Rights, Criminal Defense, Medical Malpractice and White Collar Crime
University of Baltimore School of Law
Andrew Norman is Of Counsel to the firm Silverman Thompson. Since joining Silverman Thompson, Mr. Norman has concentrated on the defense of clients in criminal matters. He represents clients in Federal Court and the various Courts of the State of Maryland. Mr. Norman has over thirty years of experience as a federal and state prosecutor.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Kurt Nachtman
Baltimore, MD Attorney with 19 years of experience
Free ConsultationCriminal Defense and Personal Injury
University of Baltimore School of Law
As a dedicated attorney, I focus on criminal defense, DUI defense, personal injury, and civil litigation. I also offer outside general counsel services to several small businesses, helping them navigate various legal challenges.
I have a wealth of jury trial experience, having successfully tried more than 30 cases to verdict. These cases range from serious criminal matters to complex civil disputes, including personal injury cases. My diverse legal background allows me to effectively advocate for my clients and navigate their unique situations.
I also represent individuals and businesses dealing with regulatory and licensing authorities in the State of Maryland, such as the...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Steven D. Silverman
Baltimore, MD Attorney with 34 years of experience
Free ConsultationAppeals, Arbitration & Mediation, Business and Criminal Defense
University of Baltimore School of Law
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Kerri Smith
Baltimore, MD Attorney with 13 years of experience
Free ConsultationAdministrative, Business, Collections and Real Estate
University of Baltimore School of Law
Kerri Smith concentrates her practice on commercial and residential real estate. She represents landlords, tenants, business owners, property management companies, commercial property owners and contractors in all aspects of development, construction, leasing and management. Her practice includes all types of commercial, residential, retail, office, industrial and mixed used developments. Ms. Smith also covers civil matters in Federal and State courts and has extensive experience in representing clients in a broad range of other matters including commercial leases, class actions, contract disputes and collection actions. She advocates in court on a daily basis.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileBlawg SearchSocial Media
Alexander Williams Jr.
Baltimore, MD Lawyer with 52 years of experience
Free ConsultationBusiness, Civil Rights, Criminal Defense and White Collar Crime
University of Baltimore School of Law
The Honorable Judge Williams (retired) focuses his practice on complex civil litigation and federal criminal cases. With extensive experience presiding over thousands of complex civil litigation and federal criminal cases Judge Williams is the only practicing retired Federal Judge in Maryland to advise clients on these matters.
The Honorable Judge Alexander Williams, retired from the United States District Court for the District of Maryland on January 3, 2014. He has written over 7 volumes of published opinions and has presided over 6,000 complex civil and 1,000 federal criminal cases.
Prior to his appointment to the federal bench by President Clinton...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Maximillian F. Van Orden,
Baltimore, MD Attorney with 29 years of experience
Free ConsultationBankruptcy, Personal Injury, Social Security Disability and Workers' Comp
University of Maryland - Baltimore
Max Van Orden graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Government and Politics from the University of Maryland, College Park in 1992. He received his law degree from the University of Maryland School of Law in 1995, passed the Maryland Bar in December of that same year, and has been practicing law exclusively in the state of Maryland ever since. Mr. Van Orden regularly represents individual clients before the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Maryland, the Social Security Administration, the Workers’ Compensation Commission, and the District and Circuit Courts of Maryland. Currently, Mr....
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Bruce Plaxen
Gambrills, MD Attorney with 42 years of experience
Free ConsultationMedical Malpractice, Nursing Home, Personal Injury and Social Security Disability
Award winning and well-respected personal injury attorney representing people who have been injured due to accidents and negligence throughout the state of Maryland.
Claimed Lawyer ProfileQ&ABlawg SearchSocial Media
Jack D. Lebowitz
Baltimore, MD Lawyer with 32 years of experience
Free ConsultationMedical Malpractice, Nursing Home, Personal Injury and Products Liability
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
I am an experienced personal injury attorney who serves clients throughout the state of Maryland. I have devoted my practice to cases involving car accidents, medical malpractice, birth injury, and wrongful death matters.
I have been included on the Super Lawyers list by Thomson Reuters, and I was selected as a member of the National Association of Distinguished Counsel by the Trial Lawyers Top 100.
I am an active member of the Maryland Association for Justice, the American Association for Justice, as well as The Maryland State Bar and District of Columbia Bar. I fight for my clients and help...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Christina Wilkes
Takoma Park, MD Lawyer with 20 years of experience
Immigration
The George Washington University Law School
Ms. Wilkes is the founder of Wilkes Legal, LLC, a cutting edge, client-centered immigration law firm.
Ms. Wilkes has dedicated her career to supporting immigrants through work in the non-profit, private, and academic sectors. She has a long record of success handling family and humanitarian based immigration cases before the US Immigration Service and Immigration and Customs Enforcement, as well as deportation defense matters before the Immigration Courts and the Board of Immigration Appeals. She also appears regularly before the Superior Court for the District of Columbia and Maryland Circuit Courts on behalf of immigrant children. Ms. Wilkes has successfully...
Claimed Lawyer ProfileSocial Media
Megan Marie Wallace
Bethesda, MD Attorney with 28 years of experience
Elder, Estate Planning, Probate and Tax
Georgetown University Law Center and Western Michigan University Cooley Law School
Attorney in a boutique law firm focusing on estate planning, trust administration and probate matters, including foreign or ancillary estates, in Maryland, the District of Columbia and Virginia.